编译和安装Milvus完成后，需要通过以下操作使用Milvus数据库。

激活Python虚拟环境。
1
conda activate milvus

启动etcd。

可以将etcd的数据目录根据具体情况进行调整。

etcd --data-dir=/data/milvus/data/etcd-data/ &

若启动没有失败，且回显信息如下所示则表示启动成功。

[1] 346
(milvus) [milvus@localhost ~]$ {"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:17.681+0800","caller":"etcdmain/etcd.go:72","msg":"Running: ","args":["etcd","--data-dir=/data1/milvus/etcd-data/"]}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:17.681+0800","caller":"embed/etcd.go:131","msg":"configuring peer listeners","listen-peer-urls":["http://localhost:2380"]}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:17.681+0800","caller":"embed/etcd.go:139","msg":"configuring client listeners","listen-client-urls":["http://localhost:2379"]}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:17.681+0800","caller":"embed/etcd.go:307","msg":"starting an etcd server","etcd-version":"3.5.0","git-sha":"946a5a6f2","go-version":"go1.16.3","go-os":"linux","go-arch":"arm64","max-cpu-set":320,"max-cpu-available":320,"member-initialized":false,"name":"default","data-dir":"/data1/milvus/etcd-data/","wal-dir":"","wal-dir-dedicated":"","member-dir":"/data1/milvus/etcd-data/member","force-new-cluster":false,"heartbeat-interval":"100ms","election-timeout":"1s","initial-election-tick-advance":true,"snapshot-count":100000,"snapshot-catchup-entries":5000,"initial-advertise-peer-urls":["http://localhost:2380"],"listen-peer-urls":["http://localhost:2380"],"advertise-client-urls":["http://localhost:2379"],"listen-client-urls":["http://localhost:2379"],"listen-metrics-urls":[],"cors":["*"],"host-whitelist":["*"],"initial-cluster":"default=http://localhost:2380","initial-cluster-state":"new","initial-cluster-token":"etcd-cluster","quota-size-bytes":2147483648,"pre-vote":true,"initial-corrupt-check":false,"corrupt-check-time-interval":"0s","auto-compaction-mode":"periodic","auto-compaction-retention":"0s","auto-compaction-interval":"0s","discovery-url":"","discovery-proxy":"","downgrade-check-interval":"5s"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:17.740+0800","caller":"etcdserver/backend.go:81","msg":"opened backend db","path":"/data1/milvus/etcd-data/member/snap/db","took":"58.87735ms"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:17.741+0800","caller":"etcdserver/raft.go:448","msg":"starting local member","local-member-id":"8e9e05c52164694d","cluster-id":"cdf818194e3a8c32"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:17.741+0800","logger":"raft","caller":"etcdserver/zap_raft.go:77","msg":"8e9e05c52164694d switched to configuration voters=()"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:17.741+0800","logger":"raft","caller":"etcdserver/zap_raft.go:77","msg":"8e9e05c52164694d became follower at term 0"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:17.741+0800","logger":"raft","caller":"etcdserver/zap_raft.go:77","msg":"newRaft 8e9e05c52164694d [peers: [], term: 0, commit: 0, applied: 0, lastindex: 0, lastterm: 0]"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:17.741+0800","logger":"raft","caller":"etcdserver/zap_raft.go:77","msg":"8e9e05c52164694d became follower at term 1"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:17.742+0800","logger":"raft","caller":"etcdserver/zap_raft.go:77","msg":"8e9e05c52164694d switched to configuration voters=(10276657743932975437)"}
{"level":"warn","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:17.742+0800","caller":"auth/store.go:1220","msg":"simple token is not cryptographically signed"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:17.742+0800","caller":"mvcc/kvstore.go:415","msg":"kvstore restored","current-rev":1}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:17.743+0800","caller":"etcdserver/quota.go:94","msg":"enabled backend quota with default value","quota-name":"v3-applier","quota-size-bytes":2147483648,"quota-size":"2.1 GB"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:17.743+0800","caller":"etcdserver/server.go:843","msg":"starting etcd server","local-member-id":"8e9e05c52164694d","local-server-version":"3.5.0","cluster-version":"to_be_decided"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:17.743+0800","caller":"etcdserver/server.go:728","msg":"started as single-node; fast-forwarding election ticks","local-member-id":"8e9e05c52164694d","forward-ticks":9,"forward-duration":"900ms","election-ticks":10,"election-timeout":"1s"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:17.743+0800","logger":"raft","caller":"etcdserver/zap_raft.go:77","msg":"8e9e05c52164694d switched to configuration voters=(10276657743932975437)"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:17.743+0800","caller":"membership/cluster.go:393","msg":"added member","cluster-id":"cdf818194e3a8c32","local-member-id":"8e9e05c52164694d","added-peer-id":"8e9e05c52164694d","added-peer-peer-urls":["http://localhost:2380"]}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:17.744+0800","caller":"embed/etcd.go:276","msg":"now serving peer/client/metrics","local-member-id":"8e9e05c52164694d","initial-advertise-peer-urls":["http://localhost:2380"],"listen-peer-urls":["http://localhost:2380"],"advertise-client-urls":["http://localhost:2379"],"listen-client-urls":["http://localhost:2379"],"listen-metrics-urls":[]}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:17.744+0800","caller":"embed/etcd.go:580","msg":"serving peer traffic","address":"127.0.0.1:2380"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:17.744+0800","caller":"embed/etcd.go:552","msg":"cmux::serve","address":"127.0.0.1:2380"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:18.442+0800","logger":"raft","caller":"etcdserver/zap_raft.go:77","msg":"8e9e05c52164694d is starting a new election at term 1"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:18.442+0800","logger":"raft","caller":"etcdserver/zap_raft.go:77","msg":"8e9e05c52164694d became pre-candidate at term 1"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:18.442+0800","logger":"raft","caller":"etcdserver/zap_raft.go:77","msg":"8e9e05c52164694d received MsgPreVoteResp from 8e9e05c52164694d at term 1"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:18.442+0800","logger":"raft","caller":"etcdserver/zap_raft.go:77","msg":"8e9e05c52164694d became candidate at term 2"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:18.442+0800","logger":"raft","caller":"etcdserver/zap_raft.go:77","msg":"8e9e05c52164694d received MsgVoteResp from 8e9e05c52164694d at term 2"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:18.442+0800","logger":"raft","caller":"etcdserver/zap_raft.go:77","msg":"8e9e05c52164694d became leader at term 2"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:18.442+0800","logger":"raft","caller":"etcdserver/zap_raft.go:77","msg":"raft.node: 8e9e05c52164694d elected leader 8e9e05c52164694d at term 2"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:18.443+0800","caller":"etcdserver/server.go:2027","msg":"published local member to cluster through raft","local-member-id":"8e9e05c52164694d","local-member-attributes":"{Name:default ClientURLs:[http://localhost:2379]}","request-path":"/0/members/8e9e05c52164694d/attributes","cluster-id":"cdf818194e3a8c32","publish-timeout":"7s"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:18.443+0800","caller":"embed/serve.go:98","msg":"ready to serve client requests"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:18.443+0800","caller":"etcdserver/server.go:2476","msg":"setting up initial cluster version using v2 API","cluster-version":"3.5"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:18.443+0800","caller":"etcdmain/main.go:47","msg":"notifying init daemon"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:18.443+0800","caller":"etcdmain/main.go:53","msg":"successfully notified init daemon"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:18.443+0800","caller":"membership/cluster.go:531","msg":"set initial cluster version","cluster-id":"cdf818194e3a8c32","local-member-id":"8e9e05c52164694d","cluster-version":"3.5"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:18.443+0800","caller":"api/capability.go:75","msg":"enabled capabilities for version","cluster-version":"3.5"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:18.443+0800","caller":"etcdserver/server.go:2500","msg":"cluster version is updated","cluster-version":"3.5"}
{"level":"info","ts":"2025-02-28T09:32:18.443+0800","caller":"embed/serve.go:140","msg":"serving client traffic insecurely; this is strongly discouraged!","address":"127.0.0.1:2379"}

启动MinIO。

可以将MinIO的数据目录根据具体情况进行调整。

minio server /data/milvus/data/minio-data/ &

若启动没有失败，且回显信息如下所示则表示启动成功。

Copyright: 2015-2025 MinIO, Inc.
License: GNU AGPLv3 - https://www.gnu.org/licenses/agpl-3.0.html
Version: RELEASE.2024-11-07T00-52-20Z (go1.23.3 linux/arm64)

API: http://90.88.163.51:9000  http://172.17.0.1:9000  http://192.168.122.1:9000  http://127.0.0.1:9000
   RootUser: minioadmin
   RootPass: minioadmin

WebUI: http://90.88.163.51:42551 http://172.17.0.1:42551 http://192.168.122.1:42551 http://127.0.0.1:42551
   RootUser: minioadmin
   RootPass: minioadmin

CLI: https://min.io/docs/minio/linux/reference/minio-mc.html#quickstart
   $ mc alias set 'myminio' 'http://90.88.163.51:9000' 'minioadmin' 'minioadmin'

Docs: https://docs.min.io
WARN: Detected default credentials 'minioadmin:minioadmin', we recommend that you change these values with 'MINIO_ROOT_USER' and 'MINIO_ROOT_PASSWORD' environment variables

可选：若是有代理，需要先停止代理。

unset http_proxy
unset https_proxy
unset ftp_proxy

启动Milvus单机版。

milvus run standalone

若启动没有失败，且回显信息如下所示则表示启动成功。

2025/02/28 09:35:53 maxprocs: Leaving GOMAXPROCS=320: CPU quota undefined
Set runtime dir at /run/milvus failed, set it to /tmp/milvus directory

    __  _________ _   ____  ______
   /  |/  /  _/ /| | / / / / / __/
  / /|_/ // // /_| |/ / /_/ /\ \
 /_/  /_/___/____/___/\____/___/

Welcome to use Milvus!
Version:   v2.4.5-dev
Built:     Thu Dec 26 05:42:26 AM UTC 2024
GitCommit: 60695bdb44
GoVersion: go version go1.21.10 linux/arm64

TotalMem: 538996178944
UsedMem: 112807936

open pid file: /tmp/milvus/standalone.pid
lock pid file: /tmp/milvus/standalone.pid
[2025/02/28 09:35:53.943 +08:00] [INFO] [roles/roles.go:307] ["starting running Milvus components"]

或者：

1	~/milvus/scripts/start_standalone.sh

启动之后需要使用ps -ef | grep milvus命令查看是否启动成功，回显信息如下所示则表示启动成功。

root      851035       1  4 09:38 pts/3    00:00:00 ./bin/milvus run standalone --run-with-subprocess
root      851053  851035 13 09:38 pts/3    00:00:00 ./bin/milvus run standalone

使用脚本启动或者关闭Milvus，需要先进入Milvus的安装目录下，脚本会识别当前目录，然后使能jemalloc等特性。在别的目录下，会启动Milvus失败。
如果需要关闭Milvus，请使用以下命令：
```
~/milvus/scripts/stop.sh
```

运行